With the principle of parsimony in mind, the model with the top 10 sMRI variables was selected for interpretation. Figure 3 also shows that as more sMRI variables were added to the model, there typically was a progressive reduction in the mean MSE until it was minimized. For the Negative Emotions task, however, the top two ranked variables almost minimized the mean Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical MSE, although the addition of other sMRI variables did result in a slightly lower mean MSE. Figure 4 displays the spatial maps of the top-ranked sMRI correlates of performance for each cognitive measure according to their mean rank order of importance, with lighter colors corresponding to

more highly ranked sMRI variables. The exact rank order of sMRI variable importance is listed in Table 2. An inspection of the data showed that for all top-ranked sMRI correlates of each cognitive measure, greater cortical thinning and striatal atrophy were associated with worse performance. Table Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 2 Rank order of importance for the top sMRI correlates of performance in each cognitive domain Figure 3 Number of top structural MRI (sMRI) correlates of performance for each cognitive measure. Each circle in the plot represents a sMRI predictor variable. The x axis

shows the number of sMRI variables based on their mean squared error (MSE) ranking in the … Figure 4 Spatial maps of the top-ranked structural MRI Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical (sMRI) correlates of performance in each cognitive domain. Cortical regions are displayed on the lateral (1st and 2nd rows) and medial (3rd and 4th rows) surfaces of the left (L) and right (R) hemispheres. … Figure 4 shows that the top-ranked correlates of SDMT performance included elements of the motor circuit (bilateral putamen, right precentral Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical gyrus, bilateral

postcentral gyrus), right hemisphere cognitive-control centers in prefrontal cortex (PFC) (right superior frontal, caudal and rostral middle-frontal cortex), an auditory and semantic Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical processing hub including Broca’s area (left pars opercularis, bilateral superior temporal cortex), and visual centers (left cuneus, right lingual gyrus). The highest ranked sMRI variables were the bilateral putamen, followed by the bilateral superior temporal cortices and then right hemisphere PFC regions (Table 2). Top-ranked correlates of letter-number sequencing performance included the striatal-frontoparietal working memory CP-673451 supplier network (left caudate, bilateral rostral middle frontal, right caudal Nature Reviews Cancer middle frontal, right pars triangularis, left inferior parietal), an auditory and semantic processing hub (left superior temporal), and elements of the right ventral attention network (right lateral occipital and middle-temporal cortices). The highest ranked sMRI variables were the right lateral occipital and right rostral middle-frontal cortices, followed by the left caudate and the right middle-temporal cortex (Table 2).