This work aims to evaluate the epidemiological selleck Cabozantinib data of ankle fractures treated surgically at our University. METHODS Medical records from every hospitalized patients with fractures of the foot and ankle between 2006 and 2011 at our institution were reviewed. After detailed analysis of these records, 73 cases of surgically treated malleolar fractures were identified. The parameters evaluated were: age, gender, laterality, injury mechanism, classification (AO and Gustilo & Anderson), associated injuries, exposure, treatment in the ER, time to definitive treatment, early postoperative complications. This is a retrospective observational epidemiological study based on data survey from medical records of the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil.

RESULTS A total of 73 patients, being 46 males and 27 females, gender ratio of 1.7:1, were evaluated. The age of patients ranged from 17 to 80 years, on average 27.5 years old. (Figure 1) The right hand side was affected in 33 patients and the left in 40. Figure 1 Distribution of cases by age groups. The most frequent trauma mechanism was torsional trauma in 34 cases, followed by automobile accidents, with 20 cases, and motorcycle accidents with 19 cases. (Figure 2) Regarding the injury mechanism, 16 cases were in polytraumatized patients. Figure 2 Distribution of cases by trauma mechanism. When analyzed according to the AO classification, the most common was B type, with 41 cases, followed by C type with 27 cases and the A type, with five cases.

The most common subtype was B2 with 21 cases, representing 28% of treated cases. The distribution of cases according to subtypes is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 Distribution of cases by AO classification of fractures. Twenty-one were compound fractures (28.0%), eight type I, four type II, four type IIIA and five type IIIB, according to the Gustilo and Anderson classification. Thirty-four associated injuries of the musculoskeletal system were found, distributed in 22 patients. (Figure 4) The most common site of associated injury was in the ipsilateral foot of the ankle fracture in 11 feet, representing 14.9% of the patients studied. Figure 4 Distribution of cases by associated injuries. While most patients used the plaster cast as temporary immobilization device before final fixing, six (8.

2%) had definite osteosynthesis performed on the same day of admission, and 18 (24.7%) required reduction of the associated dislocation and installation of a trans-articular external fixation for temporary immobilization of the fracture. The average time elapsed between the time of the fracture and the definitive healing was 6.5 days, ranging from 0 Brefeldin_A to 29 days. In 66 fractures definitive treatment was performed through osteosynthesis, according to the standards recommended by the AO group. Seven cases were treated non- surgically. Early complications occurred in 16 cases (21.