The greatest tensile strength and flexural strength values were determined at 120 W for 1 min and at 60 W for 3 min, respectively. Moreover, it can be said that atmospheric air plasma treatment of jute fibers at longer exposure times (6 min) made a detrimental effect on tensile and flexural properties of jute-reinforced polyester composites. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 634-638, 2011″
“Density functional theory calculations

by using both generalized gradient approximation see more (GGA) method and the GGA with considering strong correlation effect (GGA vertical bar U) were performed to elucidate the effect of Ce-4f orbit on the electronic structure of ZnO. It is found that after the cerium incorporation, a new localized band appears between the valence and conduction bands, which corresponds to the majority spin of Ce-4f states. It is this localized band that constructs a bridge between the valence and conduction states, which will improve the optical performance of ZnO.ZnO:Ce is a degenerate semiconductor.

The strong correlation effect is very important for the 4f orbit of the Ce atom in ZnO:Ce. Selleckchem GF120918 The mismatch of the majority and minority spin for the Ce-4f, Ce-5d states and the spin-polarized holes in O-2p states induced by Ce doping leads to the presence of the magnetic order for ZnO:Ce. We also studied the band structure and optical properties of ZnO:Ce with lacking one electron and two electrons, respectively. With the deficiency of the electrons, the Epoxomicin price Fermi level moves downward. The magnetism disappears when the system lacks two electrons. The analysis of optical properties shows that ZnO:Ce is a promising dielectric material and has potential applications in optoelectric devices. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3561436]“
“Paper

membranes made from vulcanized cellulose were used for the pervaporation (PV) of aqueous solutions containing methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. It was noted that the vulcanized cellulose paper membranes (VCPM) could effectively separate alcohol and water from the mixture solutions. To observe the effect of the separation of alcohol aqueous mixtures, the permeation behavior of water and alcohol was examined by means of the separation factor and the permeation flux. The values of the permeation flux in the ethanol/water mixtures were found to vary from 6.2 kg/m(2)h to 2.1 kg/m(2)h, as the concentration of ethanol increased from 8 to 87 wt %, and the separation factor (alpha) changed from alpha = 2.6 to 6.6, respectively. This showed that the VCPM enhanced the separation of water and alcohol. The highest value observed for the permeation flux was 11 kg/m(2)h at 87 wt % of methanol concentration and the separation factor at this condition was 4.1. It was shown also that an efficient separation was obtained in the isopropanol/water mixture with a separation factor of 16.6.