Succeeding bio-informatic studies identified a putative σ70-like -10 and -35 box (Figure 3a) (TATAAT respectively TTAAAA) and two imperfect putative NtcA binding sites (TGAN8CAC and GTAN12TAC). By running the complete intergenic region in BLAST at Cyanobase two conserved regions were also discovered. Both can be found in the intergenic regions of several genes in Nostoc PCC 7120 and URMC-099 cost Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 (data now shown). Their function is unclear but one of them shows similarity

to the consensus sequence WATCAANNNNTTR from the previously described IHF binding sites [26]. The second and third TSPs were identified inside the gene alr1422, 4 bp and 14 bp downstream of the putative translation start site. A new putative translation start site within the same frame was found 115 bp downstream from the previously suggested start site. By analysing the sequence of the

promoter region a -10 box (TATTTT and TATCAT), a -35 box (TTAAAC and TACCGA) and two putative NtcA binding sites (GTAN8AAC/GTN10AC) 147/157 bp and 62/72 bp upstream of the two TSPs were also identified. Figure 2 Northern blot analysis of hupW. Northern blot analysis of the relative amount of hupW transcripts of Nostoc PCC check details 7120 and Nostoc punctiforme under different growth conditions, using a probe against hupW in Nostoc punctiforme. The positions of rRNAs are indicated, as seen on gel. The equal loading of the RNA were analyzed by determine the relative amount of rnpB transcripts. Figure 3 Illustrations of the hupW operons. The hupW operon and surrounding genes in Nostoc PCC 7120 and Nostoc punctiforme. A. The transcription start point (TSP) and promoter region of hupW in Nostoc PCC 7120 together with the result from the reverse transcription Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (RT) reaction and subsequent PCRs. The positions of primers used in the experiments are shown (Table 1). (+): PCR-fragment, (-): negative control without RT enzyme, gDNA: positive control with gDNA. B. Schematic presentation

showing TSP and promoter region of hupW together with RT-PCR detection of hupW transcripts in Nostoc punctiforme. The positions of primers used are shown (Table 1). (+): PCR-fragment, (-): negative control without RT, gDNA: positive control with gDNA. Results of PCR were visualized on a 1% agarose gel. For Nostoc punctiforme a transcript of hupW of about 1300 nt, is only present in N2-fixing cultures (Figure 2). 5′RACEs identified a single TSP 607 bp upstream of hupW in Nostoc punctiforme, together with a σ70-like -10 box sequence (TAGGCT) and a putative NtcA binding site (GTAN8CAC) located 40 bp upstream from the TSP (Figure 3b). The resulting transcript includes the upstream gene Npun_F0373, which was confirmed by RT-PCR using primers for the subsequent PCR covering the intergenic region and agrees with the result from the Northern blot experiments (Figure 2 and 3b).