Regarding survival, evidence is less conclusive; most of the clin

Regarding survival, evidence is less conclusive; most of the clinical studies had a very small sample size (RCTs) and were embedded in the same large cohort study; therefore an independent trial would be needed. Tumour-growth inhibition has been insufficiently assessed in prospective clinical trials. Tumour regression seems not to have been connected with regular low-dose subcutaneous VAE treatment, but with high dose and local

application. The latter has not Z-VAD-FMK solubility dmso yet been thoroughly assessed and is not generally recommended. Acknowledgements This review was funded by the Gesellschaft für Biologische Krebsabwehr and the Software AG Stiftung. We thank Dr. Renatus Ziegler for providing additional data on the studies by Grossarth-Maticek & Ziegler. References 1. Ferlay J, Autier P, Boniol M, Heanue M, Colombet M, Boyle P: Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006. Ann Oncol 2007, 18: 581–592.PubMedCrossRef 2. Stat Bite : Number of Cancer Survivors by Site, 2003 J Natl Cancer Inst 2006, 98 (21) : 1514. 3. Fasching PA, Thiel F, Nicolaisen-Murmann K, Rauh C, Engel J, Lux MP, Beckmann MW, Bani MR: Association of complementary methods with quality of life and life satisfaction in patients with gynecologic and breast malignancies. Support Care Cancer 2007, 55: 1277–1284.CrossRef

4. Helyer LK, Chin S, Chuim BK, Fitzgerald B, Verma S, Rakovitch E, Dranitsaris G, Clemons M: The use of complementary and alternative medicines among patients with locally advanced breast cancer – a descriptive study. BMC Cancer 2006, 6: 39.PubMedCrossRef 5. DiGianni www.selleckchem.com/products/mcc950-sodium-salt.html LM, Garber JE, WIner EP: Complementary and alternative medicine use among women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20: 34s-38s.PubMed

6. Boon HS, Olatunde F, Zick SM: Trends in complementary/alternative medicine use by breast cancer survivors: comparing survey data from VAV2 1998 and 2005. BMC check details Woman’s Health 2007, 7: 4.CrossRef 7. Molassiotis A, Scott JA, Kearney N, Pud D, Magri M, Selvekerova S, Bruyns I, Fernandez-Ortega P, Panteli V, Margulies A, Gudmundsdottir G, Milovics L, Ozden G, Platin N, Patiraki E: Complementary and alternative medicine use in breast cancer patients in Europe. Support Care Cancer 2006, 14: 260–267.PubMedCrossRef 8. Molassiotis A, Browall M, Milovics L, Panteli V, Patiraki E, Fernandez-Ortega P: Complementary and alternative medicine use in patients with gynecological cancers in Europe. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 2006, 16: 219–224.PubMedCrossRef 9. Cragg GM, Newman DJ: Plants as a source of anti-cancer agents. [http://​www.​eolss.​net] In Ethnopharmacology. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO Edited by: Elisabetsky E, Etkin NL. Oxford, UK, Eolss Publishers; 2006. 10.

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