Enhancing the denitrifying phosphorus removal ratio in an A(2)O process is an effective way to increase the removal rate of N and P from low C/N wastewater. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Purpose: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) expand because of
aortic wall destruction. Enrichment in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) stabilizes expanding AAAs in rats. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) can differentiate into VSMCs. We have tested the hypothesis that bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) stabilizes AAAs in a rat model.
Material and methods: Rat Fischer 344 BM-MSCs were isolated by plastic adhesion and seeded endovascularly in experimental AAAs using xenograft obtained from guinea pig. Culture medium without cells was used as control group. The main criteria was the variation of the aortic diameter at one week and four weeks. We evaluated Captisol datasheet the impact of cells seeding on inflammatory response by immunohistochemistry combined with RT-PCR on MMP9 and TIMP1 at one week. We evaluated the healing process by immunohistochemistry at 4 weeks.
Results: The endovascular seeding of BM-MSCs decreased AAA diameter expansion more powerfully than VSMCs or culture medium infusion (6.5% +/- 9.7, 25.5% +/- 17.2 and 53.4% +/- 14.4; p = .007, respectively). This result was sustained at 4 weeks. BM-MSCs decreased expression of MMP-9 and infiltration by macrophages (4.7 +/- 2.3 vs. 14.6 +/- 6.4 mm(2) respectively; p = .015), increased
Tissue Inhibitor Metallo Proteinase-1 (TIMP-1), compared to culture medium infusion. BM-MSCs induced Saracatinib mw formation of a neo-aortic tissue rich in SM-alpha active positive cells (22.2 +/- 2.7 vs. 115.6 +/- 30.4 cells/surface units, p = .007) surrounded by a dense collagen and elastin network covered by luminal endothelial cells.
Conclusions: We have shown in this rat model selleck chemicals of AAA that BM-MSCs exert a specialized function in arterial regeneration that transcends that of mature mesenchymal cells. Our observation identifies
a population of cells easy to isolate and to expand for therapeutic interventions based on catheter-driven cell therapy. (C) 2013 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“In this study, a mixture of ozone and air (ozonation air for short) was adopted for the inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Scanning electron microscopy of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed damage to the cell wall and leakage of intracellular contents after ozone oxidation. Owing to the destruction of cells, the chlorophyll a released from the cells was degraded by ozone oxidation, which showed that chlorophyll a concentrations increased vastly during the first 5 min, then, decreased continuously. pH in the SBR declined with increasing time, reaching around 3.0 at the end of the cycle. It was observed that the removal efficiencies of chlorophyll a were, respectively, 68.4%, 74.