Despite treatment, mortality of secondary and iatrogenic pneumothorax in newborns and 0-1 years age group is high.”
“Biodiversity monitoring is increasingly being bolstered with high resolution data derived from remote sensing such as LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). We derived a series of topographical variables, including slope, azimuth, ground curvature and find more flow accumulation from LIDAR images and compared these to

captures of female carabids in pitfall traps in Eastern boreal mixedwood forests. We developed a series of species-specific logistic models predicting the proportion of females for eight dominant species, including Agonum retractum, Calathus ingratus, Platynus decenth, Pterostichus adstrictus, Pterostichus coracinus, Pterostichus pensylvanicus, Captisol Sphaeroderus nitidicollis and Synuchus impunctatus.

We used these models to test three hypotheses related to how the modest topography in boreal forests could influence the availability of microhabitats and possibly potential sites for oviposition and larval development. In general, topographic features such as north facing slopes and high flow accumulation were important predictors of the proportion of females. Models derived from larger scale topography, such as hillsides or small watersheds on the order of 1/4-1 ha were better predictors of the proportion of females than were models derived from finer scale topography such as hummocks and small depressions. Selleckchem PF 2341066 We conclude that topography likely influences the distribution of carabids based on hydrological mechanisms rather than factors related to temperature. We further suggest based on the scale of responses that these hydrological mechanisms may be linked to the attenuation of past disturbances by wildfire and the propensity of unburned forest patches and fire skips.”
“The pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is still not fully understood. The involvement of corticosteroids is undisputed, although their exact role has not been

clarified; other parts of the underlying mechanism of CSC have been mainly elucidated by imaging techniques such as fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography. Even though most cases of CSC are self-limiting, severe as well as recurrent courses exist, and for these patients only a limited number of treatment options are available: laser photocoagulation, with a risk of scotoma and choroidal neovascularization, and photodynamic therapy. In this review article, we give an overview of its epidemiology, the current understanding of its pathogenesis as well as systemic and ocular risk factors. We illuminate modern diagnostic tools as well as current treatment options in the context of CSC, particularly in the light of a better understanding of corticosteroids and their receptors involved in its pathogenesis. (C) 2014 S.