All the compounds (1-8) were enantioseparated for the first time, while
the absolute configurations of 2a, 2b, 6a and 8b were reported first.”
“The single or multienergy nitrogen (N) ion implantation (MENII) processes with a dose (4 x 10(14) ions/cm(2)) just below the critical dose (1 x 10(15) ions/cm(2)) for the structural transformation of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films were observed to significantly improve the electron field emission (EFE) properties. The single energy N ion implantation at 300 degrees C has shown better field emission properties with turn-on field (E(0)) of 7.1 Vactosertib datasheet V/mu m, as compared to room temperature implanted sample at
similar conditions (E(0)=8.0 V/mu m) or the pristine UNCD film (E(0)=13.9 V/mu m). On the other hand, the MENII with a specific sequence of implantation pronouncedly showed different effect on altering the EFE properties for UNCD films, and the implantation at 300 degrees C further enhanced the EFE behavior. The best EFE characteristics achieved for the UNCD film treated with the implantation process are E(0)=4.5 V/mu m and current density of (J(e)) = 2.0 mA/cm(2) (at 24.5 V/mu m). GSK126 The prime factors for improving the EFE properties are presumed to be the grain boundary incorporation and activation of the implanted N and the healing of induced defects, which are explained based on surface charge transfer doping mechanism. (C) see more 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3152790]“
“Background and aims: Most gene expression studies examining the effect of obesity and weight loss have been performed using
adipose tissue. However, the liver also plays a central role in maintaining energy balance. We wanted to study the effects of a hypocaloric diet on overall hepatic gene expression and metabolic risk factors.
Methods and results: The study subjects were middle-aged, obese women. The diet intervention subjects (n = 12) were on a hypocaloric, tow-fat diet for 8 weeks with a daily energy intake of 5.0 MJ (1200 kcal), white the control subjects (n = 19) maintained their weight. Liver biopsies were taken at the end of the diet period during a gallbladder operation. Hepatic gene expression was analyzed using microarrays by comparing the gene expression profiles from four subjects per group.