4% of men, including one death.

CONCLUSIONS

Among men with localized prostate cancer detected during the early era of PSA testing, radical prostatectomy

did not significantly reduce all-cause or prostate-cancer mortality, as compared with observation, through at least 12 years of follow-up. Absolute differences were less than 3 percentage points. (Funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program and others; PIVOT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00007644.)”
“We determined the thermal biology of the oviparous Liolaemus boulengeri and the viviparous Liolaemus lineomaculatus populations localised at high and low latitude sites in Patagonia, Argentina. We present data of body temperatures in the field (T(b)) and preferred temperature in the laboratory (T(pref)), micro-environmental and operative temperatures and the effectiveness of thermoregulation. Liolaemus SBI-0206965 cell line boulengeri and L. lineomaculatus choose different heat sources for active selection of suitable thermal micro-environments for thermoregulation, and the oviparous L. boulengeri is a more effective thermoregulator (E=0.55) than the viviparous L. lineomaculatus (E=0.43). Even when L. boulengeri

is a better thermoregulator and both species show identical timing in the reproductive cycles, there VE-821 price are constraint factors that impose limitations on the southernmost distribution of the oviparous L. boulengeri. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Several challenges need to be addressed when

developing viruses for clinical applications in gene therapy, vaccination, or viral oncolysis, including specific and efficient target cell transduction, virus delivery via the blood stream, and evasion of pre-existing immunity. With rising frequency, these goals are tackled by generating chimeric viruses L-NAME HCl containing nucleic acid fragments or proteins from two or more different viruses, thus combining different beneficial features of the parental viruses. These chimeras have boosted the development of virus-based treatment regimens for major inherited and acquired diseases, including cancer. Using adenoviruses as the paradigm and prominent examples from other virus families, we review the technological and functional advances in therapeutic virus chimera development and recent successful applications that can pave the way for future therapies.”
“Pilus-mediated motility is essential for the optimization of photosynthesis and environmental adaptation in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Syn6803). To identify the genes required for pilus-mediated motility in Syn6803, we applied a forward genetic approach using a Th5 mutant library and reverse genetics using interposon mutagenesis. One of the identified genes, sll0899, bears sequence similarity to acyltransferases and nucleotidyltransferases [1]. The sll0899 gene product is not involved in the transcription or translation of pilA1, which encodes pilin, the major component of pili.