5% w/w of sodium carbonate for pomace. The microwave assisted extractions gave significantly higher yields as compared to traditional extraction and could be recommended as an alternative method for extraction of phenolic compounds from grape residues in water medium. (C) Selleckchem BMS-777607 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Biodegradable copolymer alpha-TCP/poly(amino acid) composite
artificial lamina was prepared and used in goat cervical vertebra resection repair. Cervical 4 was removed by laminectomy, and a vertebra defect of 27 x 9 mm was made. alpha-TCP/poly(amino acid) composite artificial lamina was inserted in the test group. The efficiency of the copolymer during repair and reconstruction of the goats’ vertebra was tested
by using X-ray, CT scanning, and histological and biomechanical measurements. Apoptosis Compound Library In the 24 weeks following the operation, the artificial lamina refrained from shifting, and no dural adhesion pressure was observed. In contrast, the control group suffered from infiltration of soft tissue in the spinal canal, dural pressure and alpha-TCP/poly(amino acid) degradation. In conclusion, alpha-TCP/poly(amino acid) composite artificial lamina can significantly prevent scar tissue from infiltrating the spinal canal.”
“Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used with the aim of improving vascular perfusion of the skin and musculocutaneous flaps. This study evaluated the effect of LLLT on transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap (TRAM) viability, vascular angiogenesis, and
VEGF release. Eighty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups with 12 rats in each group. Group 1 received sham laser treatment; group 2, 3 J/cm(2) at 1 point; group 3, 3 J/cm(2) at GDC-0973 order 24 points; group 4, 72 J/cm(2) at 1 point; group 5, 6 J/cm(2) at 1 point; group 6, 6 J/cm(2) at 24 points; and group 7, 144 J/cm(2) at 1 point. All experimental groups underwent LLLT immediately after the TRAM operation and on the following 2 days; thus, animals underwent 3 days of treatment. The percentage of skin flap necrosis area was calculated on the fourth postoperative day using the paper template method, and two skin samples were collected using a 1-cm(2) punch to evaluate alpha smooth muscle actin (1A4) and VEGF levels in blood vessels. Significant differences were found in necrosis percentage, and higher values were seen in group 1 than in the other groups. Statistically significant differences were not found among groups 3 to 7 (p < 0.292). Groups 5 and 7 showed significantly higher VEGF levels compared to other groups. Groups 3 and 5 had an increase in levels of blood vessels compared to other groups. LLLT at energy densities of 6 to 144 J/cm(2) was efficient to increase angiogenesis and VEGF levels and promote viability in TRAM flaps in rats.