The effects of the reflectance of the back contact coupled to a conductive optical spacer on the absorption are also discussed. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3506702]“
“This article addresses some of the questions relating to how hepatitis delta virus (HDV), an agent so far unique in the animal world, might have
arisen. HDV was discovered in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). It generally makes HBV infections more damaging to the liver. It is a subviral satellite agent that depends upon HBV envelope proteins for its assembly and ability Angiogenesis inhibitor to infect new cells. In other aspects of replication, HDV is both independent of and very different from HBV. In addition, the small single-stranded circular RNA genome of HDV, and its mechanism of replication, demonstrate an increasing number of similarities to the viroids – a large family of helper-independent subviral agents that cause pathogenesis in plants.”
“The Italian Standards for LB-100 cell line the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus represent a consensus document of the two Italian scientific diabetes societies (AMD and SID), providing specific recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and its complications. The level of scientific evidence behind every recommendation has been classified in accordance with the National Guidelines Plan.
An original processing
system was employed: the document prepared by the Editorial Team was published online for 20 days, and the suggestions and criticisms of
about 30 persons were evaluated and integrated to those provided by a panel of diabetologists and members of other healthcare professions dedicated to diabetes care, as well as lay members. Lastly, the document was approved by AMD and SID National Steering Committees.
In this version, some highlights of the full document (www.siditalia.it; www.aemmedi.it) concerning the main and most representative recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of Tozasertib in vitro diabetes and its complications as well as on diabetes care in some specific contexts, are reported. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Metal-graphene contact is a key interface in graphene-based device applications, and it is known that two types of interfaces are formed between metal and graphene. In this paper, we apply first-principles calculations to twelve metal-graphene interfaces and investigate the detailed interface atomic and electronic structures of physisorption and chemisorption interfaces. For physisorption interfaces (Ag, Al, Cu, Cd, Ir, Pt, and Au), Fermi level pinning and Pauli-exclusion-induced energy-level shifts are shown to be two primary factors determining graphene’s doping types and densities. For chemisorption interfaces (Ni, Co, Ru, Pd, and Ti), the combination of Pauli-exclusion-induced energy-level shifts and hybridized states’ repulsive interactions lead to a band gap opening with metallic gap states.