820, P < .001) and was longer in patients with persistent symptoms (P < .05) or rethrombosis before referral (P < .01).

Conclusions. Successful outcomes were achieved

for the management of effort thrombosis in a series of 32 competitive athletes using a multidisciplinary approach based on (1) early diagnostic venography, thrombolysis, and tertiary check details referral; (2) paraclavicular thoracic outlet decompression with external venolysis and frequent use of subclavian vein reconstruction; and (3) temporary postoperative anticoagulation, with or without an adjunctive arteriovenous fistula. Optimal outcomes for venous thoracic outlet syndrome depend on early recognition by treating physicians and prompt referral for comprehensive surgical management.”
“Cerebral ischemia followed by oxygen reperfusion induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) but not in Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). We investigated whether 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one, also called PZ51 (ebselen), useful for treating ischemic damage or anti hypertension in the brain, can protect against ischemic neuronal damage in SHRSP. In this study, we compared the effects of ebselen,

carvedilol, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (MCI-186) as well as vitamin E, added to cultures of neurons after reoxygenation (20% O-2) following hypoxia (1% O-2). SHRSP neurons died rapidly during reoxygenation following hypoxia but were rescued in large PS-341 in vitro measure by 10 mu M ebselen (neuronal death; 2.7 +/- 1.4%). In order of neuroprotective potency, the agents ranked as follows: ebselen>carvedilol>MCI-186>vitamin E. In vivo, strong neuroprotection by ebselen was observed in the hippocampal CA1 region of

SHRSP (32.9 +/- 9.5 apoptotic NU7026 datasheet neuron/1000 neurons, 30 mg/kg/day). Ebselen prevented apoptosis as confirmed by morphological observations in vivo. Its effect was associated with the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. These findings suggest that ebselen has a marked inhibitory effect on neuronal damage during stroke. Ebselen may be effective in the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases associated with excessive apoptosis in patients with stroke. (c) 2008 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: This study compared postoperative patient comfort and the surgical outcome of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) or stripping of the great saphenous vein, both performed in conjunction with high ligation.

Methods: The study randomized 100 patients with primary trunk varicosities of the great saphenous vein (CEAP clinical class II to IV) to EVLA or stripping. The success of surgery was followed-up by duplex ultrasound imaging at 1, 4, and 16 weeks.