Contrary to this finding, a study in Iran found that MetS was significantly higher in women than in men. Nizal et al. highlighted the very low levels of physical activity in women than in men. Physical activity is a complex behavior which consists of different components, including leisure time transportation, hours of work, and household activities.[12] sellekchem In our study, the MetS was more prevalent in urban areas. This finding is similar to the findings of recent surveys conducted in China and Greece, showing a higher prevalence of the MetS in urban compared to rural residents.[13,14] We found energy expenditure to be lower and the MetS to be considerably higher in women compared to men, in urban residents compared to rural residents, and in sedentary individuals compared to active individuals of both genders in urban and rural areas.

This finding was similar to the previous reports.[15,16] Our findings highlight the very low levels of physical activity in women than in men. Physical activity is a complex behavior which consists of different components, including leisure time transportation, hours of work, and household activities. Physical inactivity could well be a major contributor for women being more prone to obesity problems than men. Hypertension is the most frequently occurring component of MetS when compared to NMetS in subjects with type 2 diabetes, and was found in 72.09% of men and 58.33% of women. This finding is in accordance with a previous report.[17] Abdominal obesity was common in South Asians and evident in non-obese people.

They have high percentage of body weight, thick subcutaneous adipose tissue, low muscular mass, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia. This body composition is conducive to the development of MetS. According to a recent study on South Asians, the prevalence of MetS was estimated to be 25.8% in the general population as per international diabetes federation (IDF) definitions.[18] A very recent study has reported the prevalence of MetS in Pakistan, according to a different definition, to be from 18 to 46%, comparable to the data from other South Asian nations.[19] Our finding was similar to that previously reported.[20] Moreover, the triglycerides were elevated and HDL levels reduced in patients with MetS when compared to NMetS patients. Hence, our results emphasize on prescription of hyperlipidemic drug to MetS patients to prevent further complications.

Our data support the notion that obesity and central obesity in particular is a strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes, a finding that is consistent with the previous reports on various racial/ethnic populations.[21,22] Globally, it has been estimated that approximately 58% of type 2 diabetes is attributable to overweight Cilengitide and obesity, and 90% of type 2 diabetes in western countries is attributed to weight gain.