The ultra-thin profile of graphene, however, poses a significant challenge to direct measurement of its adhesion property using conventional approaches. We show that there is a strong correlation between the morphology of graphene on a compliant substrate with patterned surface and the graphene-substrate adhesion. We establish an analytic model to quantitatively determine such a strong correlation. Results show that, depending on the graphene-substrate

adhesion, number of graphene layers, and substrate stiffness, graphene exhibits two distinct types of morphology: (I) graphene remains bonded to the substrate and corrugates to an amplitude up to that of the substrate surface patterns; (II) graphene debonds from the AP26113 research buy substrate and remains flat on top of the substrate surface patterns. The sharp transition between these two types of graphene morphology occurs at a critical adhesion between the graphene and the compliant substrate material. These results potentially open up a feasible pathway to measuring the adhesion property of graphene. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3656720]“
“Purpose: To determine the survival of immediate dental implants with immediate loading in the partially edentulous mandible, by use of a full-arch screw-retained provisional

restoration.

Materials and Methods: Patients who were partially edentulous in the mandible with indications for extraction of the remaining teeth and with a minimum follow-up of 12 months after implant placement were included in the study. They were treated Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Library in chronologic order by the insertion of 6 Defcon dental implants (Impladent, Sentmenat, Spain) subjected to immediate loading

(4 interforaminal and 2 posterior placements). Implants with a minimum primary stability of 60 implant stability quotient were loaded. All resin screw-retained prostheses were inserted and loaded with fully functional occlusion within 24 hours of implant placement.

Results: Eleven patients were treated with immediate implants, although 2 patients were excluded from the Study for having an implant stability quotient value below 60 in at least one of the implants after CX-6258 mw surgery and did not undergo restoration with immediate loading. Fifty-four implants were placed in 9 partially edentulous patients with immediate loading with a full-arch screw-fixed prosthesis. The patients wore this provisional prosthesis during the healing period (2 months) without complication and with a high level of comfort. The survival rate of the implants was 100% at 12 months of follow-up.

Conclusion: immediate mandibular loading with immediate full-arch implant-supported and screw-retained restorations is a viable treatment alternative, yielding a 100% success rate in this small series of patients.