It has been demonstrated that both F4 positive ETEC and purified F4 fimbriae could bind to IPEC J2 cells, whereas selleck products IPEC J2 cells did not bind strain 2134 nor internalize strain 107 86 fimbriae of F18. Studies to date on ETEC porcine intestinal epithelial cell interactions Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries are mostly focused on searching the fimbriae specific receptor locus. IPEC J2 cells are known to express cytokines and chemokines after bac terial stimulation by quantitative real time RT PCR. High throughput microarray technology allows analysis of global changes of the expression patterns in the host cells during pathogenic bacteria infection at a given time point under uniform experimental condition and thus has been employed particularly for screening genes involved in disease processes or responses to pathogenic bacteria infection.

Healthy individuals served Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries as controls in Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries these previous experiments, and then up and down regulated genes are identified in the case samples. To avoid the variation of gene expression at the individual levels influenced by age, sex, and individual variability, here we used IPEC J2 cells to profile the host transcriptional changes upon infection with three differ ent ETEC strains. The objectives of our study were two points, to identify Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries differentially expressed genes in IPEC J2 cells between those infected and non infected with each ETEC strain, and to evaluate the differences of gene expressions in the infected cells among the three infection treat ments with each ETEC strain separately.

Results Temporal gene expression profiles of ETEC infected IPEC J2 cells As ETEC F4ab, F4ac and ETEC F18ac are three import ant ETEC variants causing severe diarrhoea in newborn and or weaned pigs, we paid special Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries attention to their respective and common influences on IPEC J2 cells. The numbers of significantly differentially that expressed genes identified using Agilent Porcine Oligo Microarray are shown in Table 1. Identification of differentially expressed genes following each ETEC strain infection Initially, we compared the gene expression profiles of CF4ab and control. Under the criteria of P 0. 05 and |FC | 1. 5, the comparison of CF4abvs control showed 4,692 transcripts, representing 2,443 unique genes, were significantly differentially expressed with false discovery rate 0. 252. Of the 4,692 transcripts, 2,021 and 2,671 transcripts were up regulated and down regulated, respectively. Further more, among the up regulated transcripts, 1,132 had a FC 2 and 16 had a FC 10. Among the down regulated transcripts, 1,235 had a FC 2 and 3 had a FC 10. Likewise, the numbers of significantly differentially expressed genes resulted from comparing CF4acvs control and CF18acvs control are also summarized in Table 1.